Almost every craftsman who knows how to handle a tool at least a little can build a canopy with his own hands. To do this, you need to consider the whole process step by step. There are many options for such buildings. They differ in functionality, durability and scope of application. Features of the construction of canopies, as well as recommendations from experienced craftsmen, will be discussed further.

Varieties

The construction of sheds is a responsible undertaking. There are many options for such designs. They can be autonomous and located at a distance from the house. Such a canopy serves as a place to relax in a country house or garden. Often awnings are attached directly to the wall of the house. In this case, the structure can perform several functions. For example, it could be a carport, a covered area for children’s games, a recreation area for adults, etc. There are many options for using such buildings.

If the structure is located at a certain distance from the house, it can be single-pitch or gable. More complex roofing options are rarely installed with your own hands. The canopy that is built near the house usually has only one inclined slope. The main types of canopy roof shapes are as follows:

• semicircular;
• rectangular or square with one inclined or straight slope;
• triangular gable;
• wrong shape.

The construction of the canopy roof, as well as its supports, can be made of different materials. The durability, strength and aesthetics of the building depend on this. The supports can be made of wood or metal pipes. Some craftsmen use plastic for these purposes. However, this material is only suitable for roofs made of very light materials. However, such a structure will be fragile. It is better to attach it directly to the wall of the house.

A canopy built on the side of the terrace looks impressive. Its roof will create a shadow at the entrance to the house. As a result, it won't be as hot inside. If you need to park the car in a secluded, shaded place, it is also recommended to build a canopy.

A roof of such a design can be made of the following materials:

• tree;
• polycarbonate;
• reed;
• metal;
• other roofing materials;
• impact-resistant glass;
• textile.

If you plan to create a canopy for a summer kitchen, it is better to use a metal frame and non-combustible materials for its construction. When creating such a structure over a pool, it is better to give preference to a canopy that is not afraid of dampness.

Features of construction

There are certain standards for building a canopy. Such a structure should not place additional load on the foundation of the house if it is attached to one of its walls. Any canopy should not affect the design features and safety of the buildings to which they are adjacent.

This is a relatively light structure. It may be classified as an auxiliary building. However, carports, including carports, should not be an object of business activity. This is a relatively simple structure, which is often built in a country house or garden.

It is worth noting that permission to build a canopy is not required (Article 51 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation). However, it is worth understanding which building may fall into this category. For example, a garage and a carport have a number of differences. A canopy can have a maximum of 3 closed walls. All the walls of the garage are closed. It has a wide opening for vehicle entry. In order for a canopy not to be recognized as a capital structure (and not need to obtain permission for its construction), it must meet the following requirements:

• can be moved without causing serious damage to the structure;
• is collapsible;
• has no foundation;
• has no fixed communications (except electrical);
• is not an object of movable property.

If the building meets the listed requirements, it is considered temporary. In this case, you do not need to obtain permission for its construction. This must be remembered when planning the procedure for erecting a canopy.

It is also worth noting that some sheds have a foundation as they are built from heavy materials. However, this does not mean at all that such a structure can be considered capital. If only one condition from the list is not met, this does not give the right to recognize the canopy as a capital structure. However, if there are two or more non-conformities, it can be recognized as a permanent structure. In this case, the canopy will be considered as a self-construction object. It will be subject to dismantling.

Material selection

You can build a canopy with your own hands from different materials. First of all, you need to pay attention to the wood. This material is the easiest to process. You can easily build almost any structure from it. When properly processed, this material will be durable.

Natural wood looks impressive. This canopy will fit harmoniously into any landscape design. If it is created near the house, it is worth taking into account the design features of the facade. Typically, wood is most suitable for a summer house or country cottage when it comes to creating such a structure.

The disadvantage of natural material is its susceptibility to adverse weather conditions. At the same time, wood is susceptible to burning. Therefore, before starting construction work, it must be treated with a fire retardant and antimicrobial agents.

All elements must be fixed using bolts or special screws. This work can be done even by a novice master who has never created such buildings before. It is worth considering that wood, if properly processed, can last for several decades without requiring repairs. To do this, you need to use dry boards or laminated veneer lumber during construction work.

The construction of a carport or other purposes can be made of metal. The frame is assembled from a profile using a bolted connection or from pipes using welding. To make bends, you will need to use a special tool. This is a pipe bender. It is worth noting that metal structures are more expensive. In this case, the metal must be constantly tinted, protecting it from the adverse effects of weather conditions. But metal supports can support a roof of greater weight.

Drawing

Whether you plan to build a shed with a pitched roof adjacent to the house, or a free-standing structure with a semicircular roof, it is necessary to create a drawing. This is a plan that reflects the exact number of structural elements and their size to scale. A canopy will subsequently be built on it.

The drawing indicates how many support posts are required, as well as what cross-section they will have. This indicator depends on the size of the canopy. The weight of the structure and roofing material is also taken into account. It is important to take into account the snow and wind load in a given area when making calculations. It is worth noting that if frequent, heavy snowfalls occur here, then it is better to make a slope with a large slope. If strong winds blow in a given area, preference is given to a flat roof.

Lack of supports leads to sagging of the roofing material. Therefore, the total load must be taken into account. If the number of supports is too large, this will result in additional expenses.

If you plan to make a relatively small canopy (about 2-3 m in length), which will be attached to the house, you can get by with just 2 racks. However, for a structure that will be located separately from the house, the number of supports increases to 4 pieces. This is true for the construction of polycarbonate canopies. However, when using heavy materials as flooring, it is worth increasing the number of supports to 6 pieces. If you plan to build a canopy about 6 m long, then the pitch of the support posts should be 1.2-1.5 m.

If you plan to use lightweight roofing material, the rafter system can be assembled from small-diameter timber or metal profiles. In this case, the step between structural elements may be less frequent. If you plan to use tiles for finishing, you need to choose more powerful materials. Their step will be frequent.

For support posts, timber with a cross-sectional size of 15×15 cm or 14×14 cm is most often purchased. For the rafter system, material should be purchased 15×5 cm, and for the jib - 9×9 cm. It is extremely important that the supports stand exactly vertical .

The construction of a garage canopy can be made from metal pipes. To do this, you will need to purchase pillars 10x10 cm or 8x8 cm. To create a rafter truss, you need to purchase metal structures with a cross section of 4x10 cm and 4x4 cm. The main supports must be thick. Additional structural elements may be thinner. If desired, over time the pipes can be lined with stone (natural or artificial) or brick.

Installation of wooden supports and rafters

Construction for a car, summer kitchen or recreation area begins with the installation of supports. After creating a drawing and purchasing materials, you need to start working. Markings are made on the site prepared for construction. Wedges are installed in those places where wooden posts will be installed. All structural elements made from natural material must be treated with a fire retardant and antiseptic.

Next, in the marked places you need to drill 50 cm deepenings. The lower edge of the support is treated with bitumen. It is installed in a recess. The free space is covered with crushed stone or filled with cement mortar. Using a plumb line, the verticality of their installation is checked. An auxiliary beam can be used for fixation. It will be dismantled over time.

From above, each pillar must be cut with a bevel at the same level in accordance with the roof configuration. The angle must be calculated at the drawing creation stage. The lower edge of the slope should be at least 1.8 m from the ground surface. You can make a higher canopy. Especially if the vehicle is large.

The construction of a wooden carport necessarily involves the creation of a rafter system. For this, timber is used. The distance between the rafters should be about 1 m. One side will be attached to the wall or a special rack, the second - to the racks of the support pillars.

The elements of the rafter system are connected using self-tapping screws and steel angles. If you want to fix the structure to a wall made of stone or brick, you should purchase metal anchors or dowels. You will also need metal corners.

Completion of construction

The construction of wooden sheds takes relatively little time. After erecting the rafter system, you need to make the sheathing. It is stuffed perpendicularly. The sheathing must be fixed directly to the beams of the rafter system. The sheathing is made from edged boards. Its thickness should be 3 cm. The boards should be distributed at a distance of 90 cm. If the roofing material is soft, a continuous sheathing is created. In other cases, the frequency depends on the characteristics of the material. It is worth noting that the distance should be calculated in accordance with the characteristics of slate, polycarbonate sheets, metal tiles and other types of materials. The boards should run in the center and at the joints of the sheets.

Next, you can install the roofing material. There is no need to lay a layer of insulation underneath. If it is slate, it is screwed along the top of the wave. For this, galvanized screws are used. Their heads need to be fixed flush. It is better to place special washers under the heads. They are made of plastic.

The construction of wooden sheds often involves the use of metal slate. This is a practical material that is known for its durability. It is necessary to very accurately measure the position of the first sheet. Otherwise, the flooring will be skewed. You need to start from the bottom. When the first sheet is securely fixed, the second is laid on it. It must be overlapped.

When the bottom row is created, the material for the second row is fixed in the same way. Not only each subsequent sheet is overlapped, but also the second and first rows.

Almost any roofing material is suitable for finishing. If a canopy is attached to a house, it is better to make it from the same flooring as the roof of the house. This way the design will look more harmonious.

Reed roof

The construction of wooden sheds can be completed with a very exotic finish. For example, it could be reeds. This type of structural finishing is more often used for dachas in the southern regions. If there is a pond nearby with a lot of reeds growing on it, this option will be one of the possible ones.

To create a reed roof, you need to properly prepare the material. It will harmoniously complement the wooden structure. Moreover, such a roof can be on a canopy, either attached to the house or standing separately. The second option is preferable, since the reeds do not always harmonize with the facade of the main house.

Building a lean-to canopy from reeds is easier than covering a gable roof with this material. However, if desired, you can even make round buildings from it. First you need to properly prepare the material. The reeds are cut with a knife. The inflorescences are removed. The stems are laid out in the sun. They need to be dried very well.

When the material is completely dry, it is impregnated with a fire-fighting compound (the same as wooden structures). Reed is a highly flammable material. Therefore, such requirements cannot be neglected. The impregnation is poured into a spray bottle. This will make applying it to natural material much easier and faster. The stems should dry out again.

Next, the material is treated with an antiseptic. After this, you need to dry the wet reeds again. These actions significantly extend the life of the roof. Impregnations usually remain after processing wooden structures. Therefore, this procedure does not require additional costs.

Reeds are tied into bundles using ropes. The thickness of each of them should be about 10 cm. The bundles are laid close to one another. There should be dense waterproofing underneath them. When all the bundles are laid out, they are additionally strengthened with rope. They wrap it around the entire roof, overlapping it several times. Next, fixation is carried out with self-tapping screws along the edge and in the center of the canopy. This way the entire structure will be firmly fixed to the base.

Metal pipes

The construction of carports can be made of metal pipes or profiles. First, a drawing is also created, the weight of the roof and the distance between the supports are calculated. The best looking canopy is one that is supported on pipes with a diameter of 5 cm. The wall thickness should be about 3 mm.

To create supports when building a canopy for a house, pipes 3.5 m long are most often used. They must be installed strictly vertically. Their edge should be at the same height for each support.

To install the stands, you will need to dig holes. Their depth is 50 cm. Next, a flange needs to be welded to the pipes at the top. It can be perforated or solid. This element will be required later for the installation of the roof truss.

Sand and gravel are poured into the prepared holes. Each layer should be 5 cm. They are compacted well. Waterproofing is laid down. Then the supports are installed (strictly vertically). To fix them in the holes, you will need to secure them with several large stones. Next, concrete is poured into the holes.

If you plan to create a collapsible structure, metal pins are driven into the ground. They should go to a depth of at least 80 cm. The supports will be bolted to them. If necessary, the latches can be unscrewed and the canopy can be disassembled by folding it inside the house.

Truss construction and finishing

Next you need to build farms. These are right triangles made from reinforcement. Each pair of support posts requires its own truss. They are installed on the ends of the racks. Next, they need to be lightly welded. After adjustments, they are finally fixed. Most often, the construction of polycarbonate canopies involves the installation of a metal structure. 4 reinforcing rods are welded between the trusses. The sheathing is mounted on them and the corrugated sheet is fixed.

If desired, you can finish the canopy from any other roofing materials. This could be metal tiles, corrugated sheets or slate. Soft roofing materials are more suitable for continuous wooden sheathing of a timber rafter system.

After installation, all metal elements of the structure are primed and then covered with 2 layers of special protective paint. The procedure will need to be performed once a season. Otherwise, the metal will rust and break down.

Pool canopy

The construction of sheds is often required near the pool. On a hot day, you can get sunburn from being in water for a long time. Therefore, for these purposes, canopies made of synthetic materials are installed. These, for example, could be ordinary plastic pipes.

In this case, the support pillars will be able to support the weight of polycarbonate flooring or special fabric that does not allow precipitation to pass through. This canopy is very easy to assemble. First you will need to dig holes to install the supports. This will be a portable, lightweight design. Therefore, the depth of the holes can be only 30 cm. Next, the supports are installed. For this purpose, plastic pipes (for outdoor installation) with a diameter of 110 or 50 mm are used. The roof is also made from pipes. In this case, different angles, turns and adapters are used.

When the structure is assembled, polycarbonate sheets can be attached to the top using self-tapping screws. To prevent water from rain from getting inside through the holes created by the fasteners, you can install rubber washers under them. It is also possible to coat these places with silicone.

You can also cover the tent with a special tarpaulin. In this case, dismantling the structure will be simple and quick. You can also use film for these purposes.

Having considered the features of the construction of canopies, you can create a similar structure with your own hands. It can serve different purposes.

How you want to be in the shade and cool when you are at the dacha on a hot summer day. This is one of the reasons why summer residents love making awnings so much. Moreover, this is not at all difficult to do if you approach the construction of a summer canopy competently.

How to make a canopy at the dacha?

Types of summer canopies:

Choosing a design is the main thing that needs to be done before starting construction. Fortunately, the scope for choice is huge. It could be:

Simple visor;

Wide porch;

Spacious terrace;

Cozy gazebo.

Let's consider one of the classifications of canopies according to their location and functionality.

 Shed-extension

They fit tightly to the house, which provides them with one side. The rest, as a rule, remain open. Such a canopy can serve as a veranda, a patio, and even a living room.

 Self-supporting canopy

This option is a separate building, standing on supports, with or without walls, but always with a roof. Such a building can serve as a gazebo, parking lot or, for example, a wood shed.

 Canopy with straight roof

It is easiest to make such a canopy. This will not require a lot of materials and effort, and you can do it in a few days.

 Canopy with sloped roof

This type of country house building is an excellent shelter from the rain. Therefore, it can be an excellent place for a gazebo.

 Canopy with a complex figured roof

Such canopies look great as canopies. They are very aesthetic, it is pleasant to relax and cool under them.

Now let's talk about the materials from which you can make a canopy roof. The most popular options are:

Plexiglas;

Profiled sheeting;

Polycarbonate;

Metal tiles;

Slate sheets;

Tarpaulin or other thick fabric.

Among the materials that may be needed for the frame:

Brick or stone;

Canopy made of polycarbonate.

Polycarbonate- a durable and reliable material that remains in its original form even under extreme temperature changes, high humidity, and is resistant to strong winds.

To mount this material you will need self-tapping screws on a rubber washer. It is better to use wooden beams or metal profiles as a frame.

Let's assume that you need a frame on a wooden base, tightly adjacent to the house.

1. Take 5 beams 9*9 cm with a height of 196 cm. Let one be 230 cm. It will be needed for the rear support.

2. Treat the wood with paint and primer.

3. Check out the drawing.

4. Mark the area. Dig holes for the beams, 10 centimeters wider than the beams themselves.

5. When installing the beams, fill the holes with crushed stone, compact them tightly and.

6. Attach a 9 cm by 7 cm beam horizontally to the wall.

7. Connect it to a 230 cm stand. This can be done using a metal corner.

8. Install cross members horizontally between the uprights in front. Make the connection again with metal corners.

9. Well, that's all, the main elements are in place.

10. Take 5 rafters 7 cm * 7 cm. Lay them on the crossbars and secure with self-tapping screws. Use angles to connect the rafters to the beam.

11. Take beams of small cross-section 5 cm * 5 cm and long length.

12. Lay them horizontally on the rafters. Screw them in with self-tapping screws.

Sheds in front of the house are an additional, functional space that allows you to make the most of the site, and comfortably relax in the fresh air in the heat and in bad weather. The building must be ergonomic, reliable, aesthetically pleasing and should not clutter the façade of the building.

Next, we will review original and practical ideas, talk about the design features of extensions, what materials are best used for their manufacture, and provide detailed instructions on how to make a canopy for your house with your own hands.

Design and functionality

The canopy in front of the house should delicately fit into the overall architectural ensemble, emphasize the advantages of the exterior and hide its shortcomings, harmoniously combine with the landscape design of the site, be convenient, practical in use, and fully meet the needs of the owners.

Functional Features

Sheds attached to the house, see photo examples in the gallery, can be attached for various household needs, from the main functions we will highlight the most common:

• Extensions above the entrance group serve as protection for the porch and entrance door from precipitation.
• Terraces and verandas are a place for outdoor recreation.
• Covered galleries, often made of metal and polycarbonate, provide a comfortable entrance to the house and at the same time provide parking for a car.

Large sheds attached to the house, photo of a practical, arched design

• Awnings over windows, usually awnings, protect from the bright sun.
• Outbuildings for storing firewood and other household utensils are built on the back side of the house; sometimes, with due imagination, these are original, exclusive structures that decorate the facade of the building.

Sheds attached to a house made of corrugated sheets, photo of outbuildings for firewood

Types of canopies for the house

Canopies near the house are divided according to the method of support to the main building:

• Cantilever - small canopies on mensols or embedded elements.
• Suspended - roofs on metal cables.
• Supporting – on vertical pillars around the entire perimeter;
• Support-beam - the edge located closer to the house rests on a beam tied to the wall, which helps distribute the load over the entire surface of the supporting structure, and the opposite - on the pillars.

Design Features

Canopies for private homes and public buildings are usually:

• Open – roof that protects from precipitation: entrance lobby, terrace, parking lot, outbuildings.
• Semi-closed - a blind parapet is provided at the bottom 900-1200 mm, and the openings are closed with thick curtains, soft glass, lattice, climbing plants, grapes: terraces, gazebos.
• Covered - glazed buildings of various types, usually verandas, attached corridors, greenhouses.

Good to know: To preserve heat, it is better to glaze the canopy with plastic or wooden windows with double or triple glazing, with a tilt and turn opening mechanism. If the room is for a warm period, then the ideal option is sliding aluminum systems; they open easily and do not obstruct the view; if necessary, the transoms can be removed or moved to one side. Lightweight gallery canopies can be sheathed with polycarbonate.

Sheds attached to a house made of polycarbonate, photo of the original design, echoing the shape of the steps

Roof

Buildings adjacent to the house may have different rafter systems. The easiest way is to make a pitched roof, at an angle of 15-25 o, it protects from precipitation, but does not protect from gusts of wind and dust. A gable roof is more practical, although it looks more cumbersome. Often it is arranged if the main building has a roof of the same shape.

A polycarbonate canopy attached to the house, photo of an open terrace for relaxation

Recently, arched structures have become popular, usually a polycarbonate canopy attached to a house on a metal frame. The buildings have gained popularity due to their low price, ease of installation and a certain elegance due to the materials. They do not clutter up the architectural ensemble and are practical, reliable protection against atmospheric surprises.

Materials

Before you make a canopy for your house, you should carefully select the materials for construction. Essentially, this is a frame and a roof; let’s look at what is best to make each structural element from.

Frame

The basis for a canopy for a house is traditionally made of wood, metal, stone, concrete, brick. The choice depends on the design of the main building, financial capabilities and preferences of the owners.

The easiest to manufacture are wooden canopies; the material is easily processed with household tools, working with it does not require professional skills. For supports, use a rounded log or timber 100*100, 150*150 mm; for decoration you can buy ready-made carvings, figured columns and balusters, and an openwork lattice. Wooden buildings look beautiful and noble, but do not tolerate moisture and biological influences well, and are afraid of fire. To preserve the aesthetics of the canopy for the house, ensure fire safety and avoid damage to load-bearing structures by insects, rodents, and fungi, it is necessary to thoroughly impregnate all elements with protective compounds.

Corner canopies for the house, a project for a functional extension with an additional balcony area

Metal canopies for the house are the most popular and diverse type of structures:

• prefabricated, prefabricated aluminum products, often under a tent roof;
• welded structures made of metal profiles or round pipes;
• welded stainless steel extensions;
• forged awnings for the house.

Working with metal requires equipment and the ability to work with it, but such buildings are the most durable and durable compared to wooden ones, the cost of the products is approximately the same. A serious enemy of a metal frame is rust; all parts must be cleaned, primed and painted. Another disadvantage is that the material quickly heats up and cools down, so if a parapet is provided for the canopy, then it is better to make the railings wooden.

An example of how to make a beautiful canopy for a house from a metal profile with your own hands; you can decorate the extension with ready-made forged elements

Helpful advice: To decorate a welded canopy for a house, use ready-made stamped forging.

Concrete, stone and brick awnings to the house look massive and solid. As a rule, they are planned at the project development stage and are built together with the house, under a single roof. If the extension is done later, you should think about the foundation and connection to the house; professionals do not recommend making a rigid coupling of two buildings, since cracks, breaks, and destruction may occur due to the difference in the weight of the buildings and heaving of the soil.

To properly make a canopy for your house, it is better to take projects online and adjust them to your own dimensions

Roofing material

Designers advise covering the shed roof with the same roofing material as the main house, but this is not always advisable, especially if the extension is small and done later. Today, the best solution is cellular polycarbonate 6-8 mm thick - fast, practical, inexpensive, you can choose the color, looks easy, suitable for frames made of any materials and for all rafter systems, indispensable for arched structures.

For single- and double-slope roofs, corrugated sheets, metal tiles, ondulin, roofing felt, and slate are often used. For a soft roof, a continuous sheathing made of moisture-resistant plywood, OSB, bars, slats or edged boards is required.

Canopy for the house made of polycarbonate, in the photo there is a beam-support structure

How to make a canopy for your house with your own hands

We will make a wooden canopy for the house with our own hands, place it along the wall, the roof is pitched, the foundation is strip.

Site preparation and foundation pouring

We clear the area near the house, remove the fertile layer of soil, drive in pegs around the perimeter and in the locations of the load-bearing elements, pull the rope, check the geometry. According to the markings, we dig trenches 700 mm deep, pour 100 mm of crushed stone and 100 mm of sand onto the bottom, and tamp the cushion.

The height of the foundation strip for a canopy must be greater than the width

On the pillow we knit a reinforcing frame made of corrugated rods with a cross-section of 8-10 mm. In the corners, we hammer 3-4 rods directly into the ground, attach horizontal reinforcement to them, and use tie wire for fixation.

The reinforcing frame for the canopy can be made of polypropylene reinforcement and tied with plaits

We make the sheathing from edged boards or plywood soaked in machine oil, strengthen it with bevels, and check it with a level. We fill the foundation of the canopy to the house with concrete.

The tape should be poured simultaneously to avoid the formation of seams

After 28 days, after the concrete has completely set, we remove the sheathing and cover the bottom with geotextile, which can be replaced with roofing felt. Overlapping joints 100-250 mm.

Geotextiles will protect wood from accumulating dampness from the ground

Important: The canopy to the house must have its own independent foundation. It is not recommended to tie 2 bases to a rigid hitch.

Frame

We lay sheets of roofing material on the tape where the wooden beams will pass. We treat timber 150*150 mm with antiseptics and a fire-resistant compound, lay it on the foundation, and attach the logs to each other on galvanized corners.

We cover the outer, visible part of the foundation with artificial stone, and spread roofing material on top of the joists.

To finish the base, you can use any natural material or decorative plaster.

We lay the floor from edged boards, 50*150 mm, chamfered at the edges 2-3 mm, fastened to special studs, the gap between the sheets is 2 mm. Near the wall of the house and along the outside of the canopy we install vertical posts, 150*150 mm beams, and fix them with anchor bolts.

Natural plank flooring can be replaced with decking

We make the strapping with the same timber along the upper ends of the supports. We attach it to the house with anchors; a horizontal beam will help distribute the load across the entire load-bearing wall.

A wooden rafter system can be replaced with a metal truss made from a 40*40 mm metal profile

We lay the rafter beams, connecting the outer and inner posts in pairs, and strengthen the connections with bevels. We support the inner edge of the rafter leg on the beam, the outer edge should extend beyond the frame by 300 mm. We attach it to the slide or corners.

To ensure the strength of the canopy, double fastening should be done to the house.

To make a rafter system, you can take a 150*40 mm edged board. After assembly, be sure to check the vertical and horizontal of the frame with a level and plumb line.

The optimal distance between the logs is 1000-1500 mm

We make a transverse lathing from a block with an edge of 50*50, 60*60 mm. We fix it with nails or self-tapping screws. We prime the frame and coat it with varnish or colored oil.

The frequency of sheathing depends on the roofing material and the snow and wind loads in the region

We lay polycarbonate on top, join the sheets through special strips, and attach them to the beam using thermal washers.

A polycarbonate canopy attached to the house, in the photo there is a glazed veranda

If necessary, we cover the openings with monolithically cast polycarbonate or glass. You can decorate a canopy for your house with decorative openwork grilles or carvings.

The article will tell you how to make a canopy for your house with your own hands quickly and cheaply. You will learn what materials can be used and how to develop a drawing of a future structure. Below we will describe the most popular options for creating a gazebo and design, how to properly build the gazebo itself and solve some problems when creating it. Read the advice of experts, and you will be able to make a gazebo near your home yourself or properly supervise the process of its creation by qualified craftsmen.

Source i.ytimg.com

Design

To figure out how to make a canopy, you first need to develop a project for the future construction, which takes into account the following parameters:

• site and structure;
• annual precipitation, wind and snow loads;
• purpose and dimensions of the building.

The project allows you to select the optimal solution and materials. A drawing and determination of the dimensions of the building help to correctly purchase materials and determine the required financial costs. If a carport is created for a car, then the passage of the car with a load must be taken into account.

A canopy attached to any building has a number of features. The height will be limited by the roof of the building. Such a solution excludes the creation of a full-fledged arch. In most cases, it is possible to make only a small structure, since there is usually not enough space near the house.

Source www.rus-zabor.ru

Basic moments

There are several ways to make a canopy in the courtyard of a private house with your own hands correctly, quickly, and so that it lasts as long as possible? To obtain the best result, it is necessary to take into account a number of important parameters.

Canopy

The shape of the canopy can be arched (good characteristics, the elements must be identical to each other), gable (has all the characteristics of a roof for a house) and single-pitch (the simplest and most reliable option).

Purpose

The canopy can be used to protect:

• woodpiles, tools, boards and other similar materials;
• play area/relaxation area for adults;
• terraces, swimming pool;
• greenhouses, greenhouses;
• grill/grill;
• entrance group, car.

Construction type

The design itself comes in several types:

• closed - openings are closed with various materials, there are windows;
• semi-closed - there are side parapets, a stationary roof;
• open - light roof and several supports.

Source daughtersfareandale.com

Drawing

Verandas, canopies, gazebos: you can find out tips on how to build cheaply and beautifully below.

Supports

Basically, supports are made of wood or metal, but the most stable structure is obtained when using concrete elements. The holes for the supports should be below the freezing point of the soil, about about a meter, but in the northern regions more may be required. Sand is poured into the bottom, compacted, concrete is poured and a support is placed. It must be leveled and then the hole must be completely filled. You can make formwork on top so that the concrete level is higher than ground level.

Source aironplast.com

It is not recommended to immerse wooden supports in the ground, even when using moisture-proof materials. Concrete supports with a depth of at least 50 cm are made for them; they act as original piles. Reinforcement is laid in the concrete and timber is attached. It is also possible to install supports made of stone building materials on the foundation. Metal/wood is used for rafters. This option requires quite a lot of time to set up. Another method is asbestos-cement pipes: durable, not afraid of constant moisture or strong daily temperature fluctuations, and easy to install.

Frame

Mounted from wood/metal. It is easier to work with wooden elements. Connected with self-tapping screws or bolts. When using laminated veneer lumber and dry boards, a wooden canopy can last for many years. Metal elements are mainly welded. A combination of both types of materials is less commonly used. When arranging a high and wide canopy, it is better to choose semi-arched or triangular shapes.

Source i.ytimg.com

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular ones - from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses “Low-Rise Country”.

The supports are placed at intervals of at least 1.2 m; for a structure attached to the wall, two supports are enough. It is not advisable to frequently lay a profile or beam under polycarbonate; for tiles, it is the opposite. Supports, racks and rafters are often made from profiles of different thicknesses, depending on the purpose of the structural elements. This applies equally to timber. The pillars must be strictly vertical.

Wall support

How to make a canopy for a house? It is necessary to remember that canopies can be single-pitched, flat or with a bend. Fastening is carried out by inserting the rafters under the roof or to the wall using the selected fasteners. If there is a lot of snow in winter, the racks should have a rigid fastening. If the area under the canopy will be concreted before the canopy is built, then openings for the posts must be immediately made and water drainage must be considered, and the wood must be treated with protective agents.

Source meco.dn.ua

Slope

The optimal slope is considered to be 50 degrees; snow practically does not accumulate. A slope of less than 7 degrees is considered horizontal. If it is not possible to make the required slope under the roof of the house, then the material is laid on top of the roof. We need to think about the right drainage. You can also set up a separate structure near the house.

Preparatory work

The first thing that needs to be done is to mark the designated area, remove all debris and plants, level it, add sand and gravel. When arranging heavy structures, you will need to prepare a foundation.

Recesses are made under the supports, so you can immediately lay the electricity cable. Depending on the weight of the frame and roof, the spacing of the supports is determined. The posts are concreted in the pits; if there is water nearby, then their ends must first be primed and waterproofed.

Source remontnik.ru

Materials

Having figured out how to make a canopy with your own hands, having prepared the project and the site, you need to purchase materials.

The following material options are used:

• Slate - used in several types. Fiber cement– durable, withstands heavy loads, rarely used in domestic construction. Asbestos-cement– corrugated/flat sheets are very popular when creating roofs for houses, outbuildings, and fences.

Source zodchiy46.ru

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that provide gazebos, canopies and others. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

• Polycarbonate - cellular or cast. Experts recommend using the first option, since it is much stronger. Sheets come in matte/transparent, different shades.

Source domweb.com.ua

• Corrugated sheets/metal tiles – have high strength. Powder coated, UV resistant, long service life.

Source kostromaremont.ru

• Metal profile – hollow, rectangular, square or round. Depending on the size, it is used for rafters and supports.

Source images.ru.prom.st

• Lumber – plywood, boards, beams, OSB. They equip supports, rafters, beams, bars. Plywood/OSB is used for roofing.

Video description

To see the features of a slate canopy with a wooden frame, watch the video:

Ruberoid and soft tiles. The roofing material itself is used quite rarely, mainly acting as waterproofing. Long-lasting and very light soft tiles are much more often used.

Source iko-metrotile.com.ua

• Awning or moisture-resistant fabric. It is used very rarely and acts as a temporary or seasonal option.

Source tentmir.ru

The elements are fastened with metal/wood screws (with or without washer) and welding. Overlays, corners, and bolts are also used.

Important nuances of arranging a canopy

In most cases, metal profiles and polycarbonate are used to construct canopies. How to build a canopy from these materials is described below.

Metal profile

By metal profile we mean corrugated sheeting, which comes in several grades:

• “N” – roof, load-bearing;
• “NS” – finishing, roofing;
• “C” – finishing, fences.

For snowy areas and structures with large sheathing pitches, it is better to use “H” with reinforced ribs. In the opposite situation, the NS brand is suitable. It has a thickness of more than 1 mm, a wave of at least 35 mm. It should be noted that the wave can be trapezoidal, rectangular or wavy. For roofing, the first option is better - it is tougher.

Source legkovmeste.ru

When creating a canopy, it is very important to correctly calculate the weight of the entire structure. Taking this indicator into account, the frame is developed; it is recommended to use lighter materials.

Working with sheets:

• It is forbidden to work in strong winds;
• It is better to use scissors to cut the material;
• you should not install waterproofing if there is no insulation and walls;
• the roof must be level;
• the smaller the wave and slope, the smaller the pitch of the sheathing.

Video description

How to create a semicircular arched canopy is in the following video:

The length of the profile must be secured to the bottom of the roof; an overlap must be made depending on the angle of the slope. In certain cases, mastic is used to seal joints. Fastening with self-tapping screws and seals. It must be attached to the sheathing at the lowest point: the step depends on the windiness of the region. Any scratches must be treated with paint.

Polycarbonate

The most popular option. Below we will talk about how to make a polycarbonate canopy, describing the main points and nuances of the work.

The material is light but durable, has UV protection, does not break under fairly heavy loads or falls, is easy to drill and cut, and is available in several brands and a large selection of colors.

Source ironman64.ru

There are several options for polycarbonate:

• profiled - rare in our country;
• cellular/honeycomb – have numerous stiffening ribs, light, durable, can bend, the best option for roofing, comes in different sizes and thicknesses, there is a reinforced version (stronger and thinner);
• monolithic - an alternative to glass, large sheets, mainly used for walls.

Consider the degree of transparency of the material. For gazebos and canopies, it is better to choose darkened ones so that it is not stuffy under them.

When laying sheets, it is important to remember that some brands can be laid with any side facing the sun, while others can only be laid with a certain side. The channels inside the sheets must be directed parallel to the slope. Installation using self-tapping screws with washers for this material and an end profile. The holes for the screws should be slightly larger than the fasteners themselves, do not overtighten them, be sure to step back from the edge, make holes only between the stiffening ribs.

Video description

The following video clearly shows how to install a canopy made of metal profiles and polycarbonate for a house:

Sheets are cut before installation with a knife, hacksaw or cutter (for sheets up to 4 mm), wider grades are cut with a power tool. The ends are covered with punched paper tape, aluminum film and end profile; do not use tape. The frame for this material can be lightweight, in the form of a semi-arch, but first you need to clarify the permissible level of bending of the sheets. The thickness of the sheet affects the sheathing of the structure - the thicker it is, the wider the sheathing. Do not forget that the protective film on top is removed at the end of the work, and on the bottom at the beginning.

Tree

How to build a canopy for a house made of wood with your own hands? In fact, the whole procedure is not much different from other materials. Only in this case other fasteners are used. Wood has a number of important characteristics - the material is very easy to use and process. The design lasts a very long time with proper care, environmentally friendly, accessible and inexpensive material.

Carport with forged elements Source static-eu.insales.ru

Conclusion

After installing the roof, you need to think about creating drain gutters. At the last stage, the site is being developed. The easiest way is to fill the area with gravel, but this is not a very convenient option. It is necessary to remove the top layer of soil, install a curb and then fill in crushed stone. You can also lay tiles or paving stones, fill the area with concrete, or use wood.

Canopy structures made from profile pipes can be found in many places: in the courtyards of country houses, on the territory of summer cafes, in parking lots and other public places. Their main advantage is that you can do it all with your own hands. To do this, you do not need to have special skills or knowledge, just follow the detailed instructions.

Scope of application and construction of a canopy made from a profile pipe

Metal profiles today have become one of the most popular and sought-after materials for the manufacture of canopies of various types and types with polycarbonate coating, since its main advantage is its long service life. If such a building is properly cared for, it can last for decades. Such canopies can be used in a variety of places:

• in parking lots;
• in country private houses to create large covered areas;
• in various public places.

The scope of application of canopies made of metal profiles is quite extensive, since they are universal structures with a large number of different modifications.

The most popular today is the arched type of product. It is much more difficult to make than a single or double slope, but it looks very impressive. Such a canopy is built separately from the house or adjacent to its side.

When choosing the type of roof, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the snow does not linger on it, but falls freely to the ground, without creating a large load on the roof.

In addition, there are canopies of dome, arc, pyramidal shape, as well as single-pitched and double-pitched.

In addition to polycarbonate, slate or metal corrugated sheeting can be used to construct the roof. Therefore, we can say that the complexity of erecting a canopy from corrugated pipe directly depends on the choice of frame design and materials chosen for the roofing.

Preparatory work: drawing development

First, you need to accurately determine the location of the canopy, as this is very important for choosing the material for the future structure and roof covering. It is best to place them on a flat area or hill, as it will be easier to provide the necessary drainage there. If you decide to build a structure in a low-lying area, the collecting water will “force” you to make additional storm drainage, which will entail unexpected costs.

It is also important to make a preliminary drawing of a canopy made of a metal profile. In addition to the location of the racks, it is necessary to take into account the cross-section of the profile pipes. If the length of the structure does not exceed 6 m and the width 4 m, then for the installation of supports you can take a pipe with a cross-section of 60x60 mm. To build a large structure, take a pipe with a cross-section of 80x80 mm.

List of required tools

To make a metal canopy you will need a certain set of tools:

• building level;
• bayonet shovel;
• welding machine;
• roulette;
• rule(level);
• drill;
• Bulgarian;
• perforator;
• bolts and washers;
• profile metal pipes;
• roofing screws with special gaskets;
• construction corner;
• polycarbonate, corrugated sheet or slate;
• cement, sand, medium gravel;
• flange.

Calculation of the required number of profile pipes

To erect a small lean-to canopy, it is necessary to make accurate calculations and draw up a preliminary drawing:

1. A 6 m long canopy must have 8 supporting metal posts. To do this, you can use a metal profile with a cross-section of 80x80 mm. The thickness of the pipe walls should be more than 3 mm for greater structural stability.
2. One side of the structure should be higher than the other, depending on the selected roofing material. For example, for polycarbonate, an inclination angle of 20 to 25 degrees will be sufficient.
3. Reinforcement structures called trusses must be provided for each pair of racks. They are made from equal angles or profiles with a section of 60x60 mm.
4. The sheathing is welded in increments of 1 m from a metal profile pipe with a cross-section of 40x40 mm. Such a canopy can withstand about 400 kg of snow, provided that the structure is installed permanently.
5. To install the racks you will need 8 profile pipes.
6. To sheath the roof you will need 12 profiles. In some cases, home owners save money by installing only 6 racks instead of 8. It is also possible to reduce the number of pipes for the sheathing, but experts do not recommend this, since this will lead to a loss of rigidity, and in the future, to the destruction of the entire structure.
7. The base of a lean-to canopy is a triangle of profile pipes, which has one angle of 90 degrees. Its larger leg should be equal to the distance that corresponds to the length from the end edge of the post to the wall of the building or to the outside of the opposite post if the shed is built away from other houses.

Step-by-step instructions for making a canopy structure from corrugated pipe with your own hands

The sequence of work depends on the type.

Single-pitch canopy

This design is the simplest. To make it you need:

1. Install supports and fill the wells. The distance between the posts should be from 1 to 1.5 m. If slate, corrugated sheeting or natural tiles are used for the roof, then this value is 1.2 m.
2. Mark the location of the support pillars, stretch the construction rope between them in a straight line. For each rack, dig holes at least 60 cm deep and 20 cm in diameter. Reinforce the pipes with special strips (heels), which are welded to the bottom of each pipe. They will then be completely filled with concrete and will hold the entire structure in an upright position.
3. Place and compact a small layer of sand at the bottom of each hole. Then install the support strictly vertically and fill it with concrete (mix sand, cement and gravel in a ratio of 3:1:3). After this, slightly raise and lower the support several times so that the mixture penetrates completely into the internal cavity of the profile.
4. Check the vertical position of all supports with a building level and leave them until the concrete has completely dried. This usually takes 3-7 days, depending on weather conditions. If you are building a canopy on an existing concrete surface, then the metal posts can simply be screwed to the base, having first welded special square plates onto the bottom of the pipes.
5. Form the top part of the lean-to canopy. To do this, you need to weld two pipes, which are located along the legs of the structure. Then measure the hypotenuse of the truss, cut the profile to the required length, and weld it to a certain place. If a pipe with a rectangular cross-section is used, then it is necessary to mount it in such a way that its larger side is turned upward, which will make it easier to attach the cladding.
6. Reinforce the finished suspended structure. To do this, weld pieces of profile pipe in a metal triangle between the largest leg and its hypotenuse.
7. Calculate and install all frame elements. To do this, weld metal strips to the smaller leg of each triangular element. In this case, the side of the frame should divide the planks into two identical parts.
8. Make four identical holes in this frame element in order to attach the canopy to the wall of the house. To do this, you will need another person who will help install the base and mark the position of the holes for the anchor bolts. But since single-pitch structures with corrugated sheets or slate are very heavy, this fastener may not be enough, so you will have to install additional racks that are screwed to the wall. A lean-to canopy, in which the roof is made of polycarbonate sheets, is much lighter and therefore additional fastenings near the wall are not needed.
9. The polycarbonate is attached to the canopy roof without removing the protective film. Using a drill, you need to drill holes on the sheets. In this case, you will have to retreat 4 cm from the edge. Special thermal washers with sealing rings and plugs are used. In the process of attaching polycarbonate to the roof of the canopy, you need to place a thermal washer on the drilled hole, then tighten it with a self-tapping screw, and close it with a special cap with a plug. The fastening must enter strictly perpendicular to the surface of the roofing sheet. You need to twist it tightly, but do not overtighten it, so as not to spoil the surface of the sheet.
10. All polycarbonate sheets on the roof of the canopy are joined using a special split profile. Screw the bottom onto the sheathing before laying the roof. Fasten the lid using a toothed lock, in which the “claws” are located on two parts of the profile.
11. Then cover all side sections of the polycarbonate sheets with a special perforated tape and end profile. This way you can protect the roof air ducts from dirt and moisture penetration.

Video: how to make farms with your own hands

Arched design

The construction of an arched canopy is carried out in almost the same way as a lean-to canopy, but they are distinguished by greater aesthetics and functionality.

It is quite difficult to build an arched canopy on your own, since for this you need to have special manual or electrical equipment so that you can easily bend the metal profile. It is almost impossible to perform such actions at home.

Gable awnings

A gable canopy is mounted in the same way as a lean-to canopy, however, the design contains two triangles, which are located mirror-image relative to each other. The roof of such a canopy is formed by two inclined planes at a certain angle.

Due to the presence of a ridge unit, this design has a more complex structure system, but it can cover a much larger area of ​​the site.

Multi-slope awnings

Such structures are used to cover large areas such as parking lots, exhibition pavilions, etc. At their core, they are a series of sequentially located gable structures. Here, in addition to the ridge unit, which is located at the highest points, it will be necessary to create a drainage system.

How to weld a professional pipe

During any welding work, safety precautions must be observed. Also, after completing all work, each weld seam must be cleaned of slag so that there are no joints. This can be done with an ordinary grinder with a special metal hedgehog attachment.

To connect metal structures from a profile with a wall thickness of more than 3 mm, it is best to use gas welding, since an electric analogue may simply not be able to handle such a volume of work.

How to bend a metal pipe

A special pipe bender is used for this. With its help, you can easily bend various types of metal profiles. But if you don’t have such a tool at hand, then an angle grinder and welding will help you cope with the task.

It is very important when bending various pipes to prevent the appearance of cracks and large kinks, which should not be in the structure of the canopy.

Also, they should not be flattened. When working with a manual pipe bender, considerable physical effort must be applied, so it cannot be used to bend profiles with a cross-section of more than 40 mm.

After the canopy frame structure is completely welded and free of scale, it is necessary to degrease all metal elements before painting them. To do this, you can use a regular solvent, acetone or gasoline, which needs to be allowed to dry. After this, you can begin the priming process.

A light gray primer is suitable for any type of paint. Dark is used for bright materials. White is usually used when painting a metal profile with pastel colors.

The primer will be able to protect the metal from premature corrosion, and thereby significantly extend its service life, and also reduce paint consumption.

Video: how to make your own canopy

Photo gallery: finished structures from profile pipes

An arched canopy in the form of a canopy is ideal for the porch of a house. A gable canopy will perfectly hide your car An arched canopy for a gazebo can be made from multi-colored polycarbonate An arched canopy can act as a canopy for a home. Arched canopy is ideal for a country house A lean-to canopy is used for arranging park areas On personal plots you can often find a lean-to canopy

You can build a metal canopy from a profile pipe yourself quite quickly, without much effort, if you have the appropriate materials, drawings and the necessary tools. The simplest structure that can be erected on the territory of a country house is a lean-to canopy. The main thing is to follow all installation rules and strictly follow the developed project diagram.